git/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email

#!/bin/sh
#
# Copyright (c) 2007 Andy Parkins
#
# An example hook script to mail out commit update information.  This hook sends emails
# listing new revisions to the repository introduced by the change being reported.  The
# rule is that (for branch updates) each commit will appear on one email and one email
# only.
#
# This hook is stored in the contrib/hooks directory.  Your distribution will have put
# this somewhere standard.  You should make this script executable then link to it in
# the repository you would like to use it in.  For example, on debian the hook is stored
# in /usr/share/doc/git-core/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email:
#
#  chmod a+x post-receive-email
#  cd /path/to/your/repository.git
#  ln -sf /usr/share/doc/git-core/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email hooks/post-receive
#
# This hook script assumes it is enabled on the central repository of a project, with
# all users pushing only to it and not between each other.  It will still work if you
# don't operate in that style, but it would become possible for the email to be from
# someone other than the person doing the push.
#
# Config
# ------
# hooks.mailinglist
#   This is the list that all pushes will go to; leave it blank to not send
#   emails for every ref update.
# hooks.announcelist
#   This is the list that all pushes of annotated tags will go to.  Leave it
#   blank to default to the mailinglist field.  The announce emails lists the
#   short log summary of the changes since the last annotated tag.
# hook.envelopesender
#   If set then the -f option is passed to sendmail to allow the envelope sender
#   address to be set
#
# Notes
# -----
# All emails have their subjects prefixed with "[SCM]" to aid filtering.
# All emails include the headers "X-Git-Refname", "X-Git-Oldrev",
# "X-Git-Newrev", and "X-Git-Reftype" to enable fine tuned filtering and
# give information for debugging.
#

# ---------------------------- Functions

#
# Top level email generation function.  This decides what type of update
# this is and calls the appropriate body-generation routine after outputting
# the common header
#
# Note this function doesn't actually generate any email output, that is taken
# care of by the functions it calls:
#  - generate_email_header
#  - generate_create_XXXX_email
#  - generate_update_XXXX_email
#  - generate_delete_XXXX_email
#  - generate_email_footer
#
generate_email()
{
	# --- Arguments
	oldrev=$(git rev-parse $1)
	newrev=$(git rev-parse $2)
	refname="$3"

	# --- Interpret
	# 0000->1234 (create)
	# 1234->2345 (update)
	# 2345->0000 (delete)
	if expr "$oldrev" : '0*$' >/dev/null
	then
		change_type="create"
	else
		if expr "$newrev" : '0*$' >/dev/null
		then
			change_type="delete"
		else
			change_type="update"
		fi
	fi

	# --- Get the revision types
	newrev_type=$(git cat-file -t $newrev 2> /dev/null)
	oldrev_type=$(git cat-file -t "$oldrev" 2> /dev/null)
	case "$change_type" in
	create|update)
		rev="$newrev"
		rev_type="$newrev_type"
		;;
	delete)
		rev="$oldrev"
		rev_type="$oldrev_type"
		;;
	esac

	# The revision type tells us what type the commit is, combined with
	# the location of the ref we can decide between
	#  - working branch
	#  - tracking branch
	#  - unannoted tag
	#  - annotated tag
	case "$refname","$rev_type" in
		refs/tags/*,commit)
			# un-annotated tag
			refname_type="tag"
			short_refname=${refname##refs/tags/}
			;;
		refs/tags/*,tag)
			# annotated tag
			refname_type="annotated tag"
			short_refname=${refname##refs/tags/}
			# change recipients
			if [ -n "$announcerecipients" ]; then
				recipients="$announcerecipients"
			fi
			;;
		refs/heads/*,commit)
			# branch
			refname_type="branch"
			short_refname=${refname##refs/heads/}
			;;
		refs/remotes/*,commit)
			# tracking branch
			refname_type="tracking branch"
			short_refname=${refname##refs/remotes/}
			echo >&2 "*** Push-update of tracking branch, $refname"
			echo >&2 "***  - no email generated."
			exit 0
			;;
		*)
			# Anything else (is there anything else?)
			echo >&2 "*** Unknown type of update to $refname ($rev_type)"
			echo >&2 "***  - no email generated"
			exit 1
			;;
	esac

	# Check if we've got anyone to send to
	if [ -z "$recipients" ]; then
		case "$refname_type" in
			"annotated tag")
				config_name="hooks.announcelist"
				;;
			*)
				config_name="hooks.mailinglist"
				;;
		esac
		echo >&2 "*** $config_name is not set so no email will be sent"
		echo >&2 "*** for $refname update $oldrev->$newrev"
		exit 0
	fi

	# Email parameters
	# The committer will be obtained from the latest existing rev; so
	# for a deletion it will be the oldrev, for the others, then newrev
	committer=$(git show --pretty=full -s $rev | sed -ne "s/^Commit: //p" |
		sed -ne 's/\(.*\) </"\1" </p')
	# The email subject will contain the best description of the ref
	# that we can build from the parameters
	describe=$(git describe $rev 2>/dev/null)
	if [ -z "$describe" ]; then
		describe=$rev
	fi

	generate_email_header

	# Call the correct body generation function
	fn_name=general
	case "$refname_type" in
	"tracking branch"|branch)
		fn_name=branch
		;;
	"annotated tag")
		fn_name=atag
		;;
	esac
	generate_${change_type}_${fn_name}_email

	generate_email_footer
}

generate_email_header()
{
	# --- Email (all stdout will be the email)
	# Generate header
	cat <<-EOF
	To: $recipients
	Subject: ${EMAILPREFIX}$projectdesc $refname_type, $short_refname, ${change_type}d. $describe
	X-Git-Refname: $refname
	X-Git-Reftype: $refname_type
	X-Git-Oldrev: $oldrev
	X-Git-Newrev: $newrev

	This is an automated email from the git hooks/post-receive script. It was
	generated because a ref change was pushed to the repository containing
	the project "$projectdesc".

	The $refname_type, $short_refname has been ${change_type}d
	EOF
}

generate_email_footer()
{
	cat <<-EOF


	hooks/post-receive
	--
	$projectdesc
	EOF
}

# --------------- Branches

#
# Called for the creation of a branch
#
generate_create_branch_email()
{
	# This is a new branch and so oldrev is not valid
	echo "        at  $newrev ($newrev_type)"
	echo ""

	echo $LOGBEGIN
	# This shows all log entries that are not already covered by
	# another ref - i.e. commits that are now accessible from this
	# ref that were previously not accessible (see generate_update_branch_email
	# for the explanation of this command)
	git rev-parse --not --branches | grep -v $(git rev-parse $refname) |
	git rev-list --pretty --stdin $newrev
	echo $LOGEND
}

#
# Called for the change of a pre-existing branch
#
generate_update_branch_email()
{
	# Consider this:
	#   1 --- 2 --- O --- X --- 3 --- 4 --- N
	#
	# O is $oldrev for $refname
	# N is $newrev for $refname
	# X is a revision pointed to by some other ref, for which we may
	#   assume that an email has already been generated.
	# In this case we want to issue an email containing only revisions
	# 3, 4, and N.  Given (almost) by
	#
	#  git-rev-list N ^O --not --all
	#
	# The reason for the "almost", is that the "--not --all" will take
	# precedence over the "N", and effectively will translate to
	#
	#  git-rev-list N ^O ^X ^N
	#
	# So, we need to build up the list more carefully.  git-rev-parse will
	# generate a list of revs that may be fed into git-rev-list.  We can get
	# it to make the "--not --all" part and then filter out the "^N" with:
	#
	#  git-rev-parse --not --all | grep -v N
	#
	# Then, using the --stdin switch to git-rev-list we have effectively
	# manufactured
	#
	#  git-rev-list N ^O ^X
	#
	# This leaves a problem when someone else updates the repository
	# while this script is running.  Their new value of the ref we're working
	# on would be included in the "--not --all" output; and as our $newrev
	# would be an ancestor of that commit, it would exclude all of our
	# commits.  What we really want is to exclude the current value of
	# $refname from the --not list, rather than N itself.  So:
	#
	#  git-rev-parse --not --all | grep -v $(git-rev-parse $refname)
	#
	# Get's us to something pretty safe (apart from the small time between
	# refname being read, and git-rev-parse running - for that, I give up)
	#
	#
	# Next problem, consider this:
	#   * --- B --- * --- O ($oldrev)
	#          \
	#           * --- X --- * --- N ($newrev)
	#
	# That is to say, there is no guarantee that oldrev is a strict subset of
	# newrev (it would have required a --force, but that's allowed).  So, we
	# can't simply say rev-list $oldrev..$newrev.  Instead we find the common
	# base of the two revs and list from there.
	#
	# As above, we need to take into account the presence of X; if another
	# branch is already in the repository and points at some of the revisions
	# that we are about to output - we don't want them.  The solution is as
	# before: git-rev-parse output filtered.
	#
	# Finally, tags:
	#   1 --- 2 --- O --- T --- 3 --- 4 --- N
	#
	# Tags pushed into the repository generate nice shortlog emails that
	# summarise the commits between them and the previous tag.  However,
	# those emails don't include the full commit messages that we output
	# for a branch update.  Therefore we still want to output revisions
	# that have been output on a tag email.
	#
	# Luckily, git-rev-parse includes just the tool.  Instead of using "--all"
	# we use "--branches"; this has the added benefit that "remotes/" will
	# be ignored as well.

	# List all of the revisions that were removed by this update, in a fast forward
	# update, this list will be empty, because rev-list O ^N is empty.  For a non
	# fast forward, O ^N is the list of removed revisions
	fast_forward=""
	rev=""
	for rev in $(git rev-list $newrev..$oldrev)
	do
		revtype=$(git cat-file -t "$rev")
		echo "  discards  $rev ($revtype)"
	done
	if [ -z "$rev" ]; then
		fast_forward=1
	fi

	# List all the revisions from baserev to newrev in a kind of
	# "table-of-contents"; note this list can include revisions that have
	# already had notification emails and is present to show the full detail
	# of the change from rolling back the old revision to the base revision and
	# then forward to the new revision
	for rev in $(git rev-list $oldrev..$newrev)
	do
		revtype=$(git cat-file -t "$rev")
		echo "       via  $rev ($revtype)"
	done

	if [ "$fast_forward" ]; then
		echo "      from  $oldrev ($oldrev_type)"
	else
		#  1. Existing revisions were removed.  In this case newrev is a
		#     subset of oldrev - this is the reverse of a fast-forward,
		#     a rewind
		#  2. New revisions were added on top of an old revision, this is
		#     a rewind and addition.

		# (1) certainly happened, (2) possibly.  When (2) hasn't happened,
		# we set a flag to indicate that no log printout is required.

		echo ""

		# Find the common ancestor of the old and new revisions and compare
		# it with newrev
		baserev=$(git merge-base $oldrev $newrev)
		rewind_only=""
		if [ "$baserev" = "$newrev" ]; then
			echo "This update discarded existing revisions and left the branch pointing at"
			echo "a previous point in the repository history."
			echo ""
			echo " * -- * -- N ($newrev)"
			echo "            \\"
			echo "             O -- O -- O ($oldrev)"
			echo ""
			echo "The removed revisions are not necessarilly gone - if another reference"
			echo "still refers to them they will stay in the repository."
			rewind_only=1
		else
			echo "This update added new revisions after undoing existing revisions.  That is"
			echo "to say, the old revision is not a strict subset of the new revision.  This"
			echo "situation occurs when you --force push a change and generate a repository"
			echo "containing something like this:"
			echo ""
			echo " * -- * -- B -- O -- O -- O ($oldrev)"
			echo "            \\"
			echo "             N -- N -- N ($newrev)"
			echo ""
			echo "When this happens we assume that you've already had alert emails for all"
			echo "of the O revisions, and so we here report only the revisions in the N"
			echo "branch from the common base, B."
		fi
	fi

	echo ""
	if [ -z "$rewind_only" ]; then
		echo "Those revisions listed above that are new to this repository have"
		echo "not appeared on any other notification email; so we list those"
		echo "revisions in full, below."

		echo ""
		echo $LOGBEGIN
		git rev-parse --not --branches | grep -v $(git rev-parse $refname) |
		git rev-list --pretty --stdin $oldrev..$newrev

		# XXX: Need a way of detecting whether git rev-list actually outputted
		# anything, so that we can issue a "no new revisions added by this
		# update" message

		echo $LOGEND
	else
		echo "No new revisions were added by this update."
	fi

	# The diffstat is shown from the old revision to the new revision.  This
	# is to show the truth of what happened in this change.  There's no point
	# showing the stat from the base to the new revision because the base
	# is effectively a random revision at this point - the user will be
	# interested in what this revision changed - including the undoing of
	# previous revisions in the case of non-fast forward updates.
	echo ""
	echo "Summary of changes:"
	git diff-tree --stat --summary --find-copies-harder $oldrev..$newrev
}

#
# Called for the deletion of a branch
#
generate_delete_branch_email()
{
	echo "       was  $oldrev"
	echo ""
	echo $LOGEND
	git show -s --pretty=oneline $oldrev
	echo $LOGEND
}

# --------------- Annotated tags

#
# Called for the creation of an annotated tag
#
generate_create_atag_email()
{
	echo "        at  $newrev ($newrev_type)"

	generate_atag_email
}

#
# Called for the update of an annotated tag (this is probably a rare event
# and may not even be allowed)
#
generate_update_atag_email()
{
	echo "        to  $newrev ($newrev_type)"
	echo "      from  $oldrev (which is now obsolete)"

	generate_atag_email
}

#
# Called when an annotated tag is created or changed
#
generate_atag_email()
{
	# Use git-for-each-ref to pull out the individual fields from the tag
	eval $(git for-each-ref --shell --format='
	tagobject=%(*objectname)
	tagtype=%(*objecttype)
	tagger=%(taggername)
	tagged=%(taggerdate)' $refname
	)

	echo "   tagging  $tagobject ($tagtype)"
	case "$tagtype" in
	commit)
		# If the tagged object is a commit, then we assume this is a
		# release, and so we calculate which tag this tag is replacing
		prevtag=$(git describe --abbrev=0 $newrev^ 2>/dev/null)

		if [ -n "$prevtag" ]; then
			echo "  replaces  $prevtag"
		fi
		;;
	*)
		echo "    length  $(git cat-file -s $tagobject) bytes"
		;;
	esac
	echo " tagged by  $tagger"
	echo "        on  $tagged"

	echo ""
	echo $LOGBEGIN

	# Show the content of the tag message; this might contain a change log
	# or release notes so is worth displaying.
	git cat-file tag $newrev | sed -e '1,/^$/d'

	echo ""
	case "$tagtype" in
	commit)
		# Only commit tags make sense to have rev-list operations performed
		# on them
		if [ -n "$prevtag" ]; then
			# Show changes since the previous release
			git rev-list --pretty=short "$prevtag..$newrev" | git shortlog
		else
			# No previous tag, show all the changes since time began
			git rev-list --pretty=short $newrev | git shortlog
		fi
		;;
	*)
		# XXX: Is there anything useful we can do for non-commit objects?
		;;
	esac

	echo $LOGEND
}

#
# Called for the deletion of an annotated tag
#
generate_delete_atag_email()
{
	echo "       was  $oldrev"
	echo ""
	echo $LOGEND
	git show -s --pretty=oneline $oldrev
	echo $LOGEND
}

# --------------- General references

#
# Called when any other type of reference is created (most likely a
# non-annotated tag)
#
generate_create_general_email()
{
	echo "        at  $newrev ($newrev_type)"

	generate_general_email
}

#
# Called when any other type of reference is updated (most likely a
# non-annotated tag)
#
generate_update_general_email()
{
	echo "        to  $newrev ($newrev_type)"
	echo "      from  $oldrev"

	generate_general_email
}

#
# Called for creation or update of any other type of reference
#
generate_general_email()
{
	# Unannotated tags are more about marking a point than releasing a version;
	# therefore we don't do the shortlog summary that we do for annotated tags
	# above - we simply show that the point has been marked, and print the log
	# message for the marked point for reference purposes
	#
	# Note this section also catches any other reference type (although there
	# aren't any) and deals with them in the same way.

	echo ""
	if [ "$newrev_type" = "commit" ]; then
		echo $LOGBEGIN
		git show --no-color --root -s $newrev
		echo $LOGEND
	else
		# What can we do here?  The tag marks an object that is not a commit,
		# so there is no log for us to display.  It's probably not wise to
		# output git-cat-file as it could be a binary blob.  We'll just say how
		# big it is
		echo "$newrev is a $newrev_type, and is $(git cat-file -s $newrev) bytes long."
	fi
}

#
# Called for the deletion of any other type of reference
#
generate_delete_general_email()
{
	echo "       was  $oldrev"
	echo ""
	echo $LOGEND
	git show -s --pretty=oneline $oldrev
	echo $LOGEND
}

send_mail()
{
	if [ -n "$envelopesender" ]; then
		/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -f "$envelopesender"
	else
		/usr/sbin/sendmail -t
	fi
}

# ---------------------------- main()

# --- Constants
EMAILPREFIX="[SCM] "
LOGBEGIN="- Log -----------------------------------------------------------------"
LOGEND="-----------------------------------------------------------------------"

# --- Config
# Set GIT_DIR either from the working directory, or from the environment
# variable.
GIT_DIR=$(git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null)
if [ -z "$GIT_DIR" ]; then
	echo >&2 "fatal: post-receive: GIT_DIR not set"
	exit 1
fi

projectdesc=$(sed -ne '1p' "$GIT_DIR/description")
# Check if the description is unchanged from it's default, and shorten it to a
# more manageable length if it is
if expr "$projectdesc" : "Unnamed repository.*$" >/dev/null
then
	projectdesc="UNNAMED PROJECT"
fi

recipients=$(git repo-config hooks.mailinglist)
announcerecipients=$(git repo-config hooks.announcelist)
envelopesender=$(git-repo-config hooks.envelopesender)

# --- Main loop
# Allow dual mode: run from the command line just like the update hook, or if
# no arguments are given then run as a hook script
if [ -n "$1" -a -n "$2" -a -n "$3" ]; then
	# Output to the terminal in command line mode - if someone wanted to
	# resend an email; they could redirect the output to sendmail themselves
	PAGER= generate_email $2 $3 $1
else
	while read oldrev newrev refname
	do
		generate_email $oldrev $newrev $refname | send_mail
	done
fi