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189 lines
6 KiB
Text
189 lines
6 KiB
Text
git-reset(1)
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============
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NAME
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----
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git-reset - Reset current HEAD to the specified state
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SYNOPSIS
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--------
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[verse]
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'git-reset' [--mixed | --soft | --hard] [-q] [<commit>]
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'git-reset' [--mixed] [-q] [<commit>] [--] <paths>...
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DESCRIPTION
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-----------
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Sets the current head to the specified commit and optionally resets the
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index and working tree to match.
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This command is useful if you notice some small error in a recent
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commit (or set of commits) and want to redo that part without showing
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the undo in the history.
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If you want to undo a commit other than the latest on a branch,
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linkgit:git-revert[1] is your friend.
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The second form with 'paths' is used to revert selected paths in
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the index from a given commit, without moving HEAD.
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OPTIONS
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-------
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--mixed::
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Resets the index but not the working tree (i.e., the changed files
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are preserved but not marked for commit) and reports what has not
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been updated. This is the default action.
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--soft::
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Does not touch the index file nor the working tree at all, but
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requires them to be in a good order. This leaves all your changed
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files "Added but not yet committed", as linkgit:git-status[1] would
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put it.
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--hard::
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Matches the working tree and index to that of the tree being
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switched to. Any changes to tracked files in the working tree
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since <commit> are lost.
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-q::
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Be quiet, only report errors.
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<commit>::
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Commit to make the current HEAD. If not given defaults to HEAD.
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Examples
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--------
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Undo a commit and redo::
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+
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------------
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$ git commit ...
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$ git reset --soft HEAD^ <1>
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$ edit <2>
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$ git commit -a -c ORIG_HEAD <3>
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------------
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+
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<1> This is most often done when you remembered what you
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just committed is incomplete, or you misspelled your commit
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message, or both. Leaves working tree as it was before "reset".
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<2> Make corrections to working tree files.
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<3> "reset" copies the old head to .git/ORIG_HEAD; redo the
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commit by starting with its log message. If you do not need to
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edit the message further, you can give -C option instead.
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+
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See also the --amend option to linkgit:git-commit[1].
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Undo commits permanently::
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+
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------------
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$ git commit ...
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$ git reset --hard HEAD~3 <1>
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------------
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+
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<1> The last three commits (HEAD, HEAD^, and HEAD~2) were bad
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and you do not want to ever see them again. Do *not* do this if
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you have already given these commits to somebody else.
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Undo a commit, making it a topic branch::
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+
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------------
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$ git branch topic/wip <1>
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$ git reset --hard HEAD~3 <2>
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$ git checkout topic/wip <3>
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------------
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+
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<1> You have made some commits, but realize they were premature
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to be in the "master" branch. You want to continue polishing
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them in a topic branch, so create "topic/wip" branch off of the
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current HEAD.
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<2> Rewind the master branch to get rid of those three commits.
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<3> Switch to "topic/wip" branch and keep working.
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Undo add::
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+
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------------
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$ edit <1>
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$ git add frotz.c filfre.c
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$ mailx <2>
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$ git reset <3>
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$ git pull git://info.example.com/ nitfol <4>
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------------
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+
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<1> You are happily working on something, and find the changes
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in these files are in good order. You do not want to see them
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when you run "git diff", because you plan to work on other files
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and changes with these files are distracting.
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<2> Somebody asks you to pull, and the changes sounds worthy of merging.
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<3> However, you already dirtied the index (i.e. your index does
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not match the HEAD commit). But you know the pull you are going
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to make does not affect frotz.c nor filfre.c, so you revert the
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index changes for these two files. Your changes in working tree
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remain there.
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<4> Then you can pull and merge, leaving frotz.c and filfre.c
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changes still in the working tree.
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Undo a merge or pull::
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+
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------------
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$ git pull <1>
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Auto-merging nitfol
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CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in nitfol
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Automatic merge failed/prevented; fix up by hand
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$ git reset --hard <2>
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$ git pull . topic/branch <3>
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Updating from 41223... to 13134...
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Fast forward
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$ git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD <4>
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------------
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+
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<1> Try to update from the upstream resulted in a lot of
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conflicts; you were not ready to spend a lot of time merging
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right now, so you decide to do that later.
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<2> "pull" has not made merge commit, so "git reset --hard"
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which is a synonym for "git reset --hard HEAD" clears the mess
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from the index file and the working tree.
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<3> Merge a topic branch into the current branch, which resulted
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in a fast forward.
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<4> But you decided that the topic branch is not ready for public
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consumption yet. "pull" or "merge" always leaves the original
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tip of the current branch in ORIG_HEAD, so resetting hard to it
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brings your index file and the working tree back to that state,
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and resets the tip of the branch to that commit.
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Interrupted workflow::
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+
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Suppose you are interrupted by an urgent fix request while you
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are in the middle of a large change. The files in your
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working tree are not in any shape to be committed yet, but you
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need to get to the other branch for a quick bugfix.
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+
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------------
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$ git checkout feature ;# you were working in "feature" branch and
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$ work work work ;# got interrupted
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$ git commit -a -m "snapshot WIP" <1>
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$ git checkout master
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$ fix fix fix
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$ git commit ;# commit with real log
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$ git checkout feature
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$ git reset --soft HEAD^ ;# go back to WIP state <2>
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$ git reset <3>
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------------
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+
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<1> This commit will get blown away so a throw-away log message is OK.
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<2> This removes the 'WIP' commit from the commit history, and sets
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your working tree to the state just before you made that snapshot.
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<3> At this point the index file still has all the WIP changes you
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committed as 'snapshot WIP'. This updates the index to show your
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WIP files as uncommitted.
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Author
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------
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Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net> and Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
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Documentation
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--------------
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Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
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GIT
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---
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Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite
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